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Dounreay (;〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dounreay )〕 (スコットランド・ゲール語:Dùnrath)) (Ordnance Survey ) is on the north coast of Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland and west of the town of Thurso. Dounreay was originally the site of a castle (now a ruin) and its name derives from the Gaelic for 'fort on a mound.' Since the 1950s it has been the site of two nuclear establishments, for the development of prototype fast breeder reactors and submarine reactor testing. Most of these facilities are now being decommissioned. ==History== Dounreay formed part of the battlefield of the Sandside Chase in 1437. The site is used by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (Dounreay Nuclear Power Development Establishment) and the Ministry of Defence (Vulcan Naval Reactor Test Establishment), and the site is best known for its five nuclear reactors, three owned and operated by the UKAEA and two by the Ministry of Defence. The nuclear power establishment was built on the site of a World War II airfield, called RAF Station Dounreay. It became HMS ''Tern'' (II) when the airfield was transferred to the Admiralty by RAF Coastal Command in 1944, as a satellite of at Twatt in Orkney. It never saw any action during the war and was placed into ''care and maintenance'' in 1949. Dounreay is near the A836 road, about 9 miles (14 km) west of the town of Thurso, which grew rapidly when the research establishment was developed during the mid 20th century. The establishment remained a major element in the economy of Thurso and Caithness until 1994 when the government ordered the reactors closed for good; a large workforce employed in the clean-up of the site (which is scheduled to continue until at least 2025) remains.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Dounreay」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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